Comprehensive Management of Glaucoma: Current Strategies, Advancements, and Clinical Perspectives
1Dr Rehan Moinuddin Shaikh, 2Ahmed Haroon, 3Dr. Muhammad Arshad, 4Asad Jahangir, 5Adnan Jahangir, 6Tahmoor Ghori
1Sharif Medical College, Lahore
2UHS, Lahore
3Assistant professor ophthalmology Quaid e Azam medical college Bahawalpur
4PIMS, Islamabad
5Sir Gangaram Hospital, Lahore
6Mayo Hospital, Lahore
Vol: 16/03
Received: May 25, 2026 Accepted: March 02, 2026 Published: July 06, 2026
Abstract
Background: Glaucoma is chronic, progressive optic neuropathy with structural damage to the optic nerve and associated visual field defects. It remains one of the most prevalent causes of irreversible blindness worldwide.
Objective: The current glaucoma management strategies are discussed in this article through evidencebased treatment and patient-driven care, i.e., pharmacological therapy, laser treatment, and surgery.
Methods: Literature and current clinical guidelines were critically appraised and synthesized in a comparative manner to assess the efficacy, safety, and practicality of the different management strategies.
Results: Pharmacotherapy is the cornerstone of glaucoma treatment, with prostaglandin analogues being the first-line drugs. Laser trabeculoplasty and MIGS are alternatives for medical therapy poorly controlled or intolerable medical therapy.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis, continuous monitoring, tailored treatment plans, and a multidisciplinary regimen of medical, laser, and surgical treatments are the secrets of preserving vision and quality of life in glaucoma patients.Keywords: Glaucoma, Intraocular Pressure, Prostaglandin Analogs, Laser Trabeculoplasty, Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery, Optic Neuropathy, Disease Management
